This COcyber white paper examines how cyber incidents increasingly spill across civilian and defence domains, showing where current responses fall short while outlining practical, coordinated measures to strengthen Europe’s ability to protect and recover the critical functions that depend on interconnected digital systems.

We spoke with the COcyber Batch #2 Ambassadors to reflect on their journey and gather their insights on Europe’s cybersecurity future. Dr. Csaba Krasznay brings deep expertise in cybersecurity, cyber defence, and education, and values the ambassadorship for highlighting the urgent need to bridge civil–defence gaps and strengthen coordinated European resilience.