Publications

The COcyber project, in collaboration with its partner Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), successfully hosted a High-level Dual-use and Synergy roundtable on 22 April 2026 at the Borschette Conference Centre in Brussels. The event brought together over 50 participants (42 in person and 9 online) from the cybersecurity ecosystem, including representatives from EU institutions, NATO, national authorities, academia, industry, and research organisations. High-level discussions highlight the need for sovereign dual-use tools, trusted information exchange, and stronger links between civilian and d [...]

With phishing attacks becoming more sophisticated, leveraging AI for cybersecurity defence has become essential. Traditional rule-based detection methods are no longer sufficient. Instead, AI-driven solutions that understand phishing tactics, identify deception patterns, and adapt to new threats are necessary to protect individuals and organisations. From April 24 to 26, 2025, COcyber’s AI Cybersecurity Deephack brought together cyber enthusiasts from academia, research and the start-up scene for an intense 48-hour challenge to answer one critical question: can artificial intelligence stop the [...]

To understand how cybersecurity ecosystems evolve across Europe, COcyber conducted four national case studies focusing on Lithuania, Spain, Hungary, and Slovenia. The studies, brought together in a comparative booklet, examined: Governance structures Technology transfer Information-sharing mechanisms Dual-use cybersecurity potential In this context, Hungary shows how cybersecurity technology and information transfer are shaped by a system where state coordination, legal frameworks, and defence priorities play a central role. The case also shows that progress depends on stronger links [...]

To understand how cybersecurity ecosystems evolve across Europe, COcyber conducted four national case studies focusing on Lithuania, Spain, Hungary, and Slovenia. The studies, brought together in a comparative booklet, examined: Governance structures Technology transfer Information-sharing mechanisms Dual-use cybersecurity potential In this context, Spain shows how cybersecurity technology and information transfer are shaped by a mature but complex ecosystem, where national security, strategic coordination, innovation capacity, and industrial development all play an important role. Spain ope [...]

To understand how cybersecurity ecosystems evolve across Europe, COcyber conducted four national case studies focusing on Lithuania, Spain, Hungary, and Slovenia. The studies, brought together in a comparative booklet, examined: Governance structures Technology transfer Information-sharing mechanisms Dual-use cybersecurity potential In this context Lithuania shows how cybersecurity technology and information transfer are becoming increasingly important for national security, critical infrastructure protection, and resilience against cyber and hybrid threats. Lithuania demonstrates a [...]

Europe’s critical functions increasingly rely on interconnected digital systems that serve both civilian and defence needs, making cyber incidents more likely to cascade across sectors and borders. Recent ransomware attacks on major transport and health infrastructures show that, despite extensive activity, civil and defence cyber responses remain fragmented, with limited information sharing and situational awareness.  This white paper, developed within the EU-funded COcyber project, argues for moving beyond ad hoc cooperation under NIS2 towards a permanent dual-use cybersecurity ecosystem. It [...]

This Cybersphere Insights Special Edition presents findings from COcyber’s Deliverable D4.2 National Case Studies Booklet on Cybersecurity Technology and Information Transfer. The report offers a consolidated overview of the cybersecurity landscapes of Lithuania, Spain, Hungary, and Slovenia, focusing on how each country organises technology transfer, supports the development of cybersecurity capabilities, and structures national mechanisms for sharing information and managing dual-use innovation.

COcyber (cocyber.eu) aims to ally the European civilian and defence cybersecurity communities by fostering knowledge sharing, harmonising European actions and proposing concrete tools for engagement and collaboration. To support our communication, dissemination, and stakeholder engagement activities, we run an ambassador programme that gathers 15+ European professionals actively participating in the European digital defence arena. This FAQ document is directed to everyone interested in learning more about the COcyber Ambassador Programme.  Disclaimer Funded by the European Union. Views and opi [...]

This public deliverable is part of the COcyber Work Package (WP) 4 "Know-how, good practice sharing, and information transfer activities". COcyber is a two-year initiative supported by the European Commission and European Cybersecurity Competence Centre to foster the collaboration of civilian and defence cybersecurity sectors.   The report presents a comparative analysis of cybersecurity technology transfer and information-sharing frameworks across four EU Member States: Lithuania, Spain, Hungary, and Slovenia. Using a mixed-methods approach combining desk research, stakeholder interviews, sur [...]

This report presents an in-depth assessment of Spain’s national framework for dual-use cybersecurity technology transfer and information sharing. Using a mixed-method approach, combining desk research with stakeholder interviews, surveys, and a validation workshop, the study examines the effectiveness of Spain’s cybersecurity governance structures, technology transfer mechanisms and information-sharing practices, as well as the national landscape for dual-use cybersecurity technologies deployment, including the identification of best practices.