Technology is a key factor in, and often catalyst for, arms control. The increasingly rapid pace of technological change with respect to weapons systems and military capabilities, as well as of developments of inherently dual-use technologies (with both peaceful and military applications), present clear challenges to the law of arms control, both in terms of the application and/or potential modification of existing instruments, as well as the prospects for new regulation where necessary. Not only are military technologies, or technologies with a potential military dimension, developing rapidly, but the increasing diffusion of such technologies to more and more states and possibly to non-state actors further complicates the situation.