With the emergence of new and exponential technologies, there is a significant potential to enrich our lives, however, the risks associated with their use for nefarious purposes remain inextricable from their benefits. A comprehensive overview of existential risks and threats posed by dual-use
technologies adaptation is outlined in this article. A special emphasis is placed on information technology and artificial intelligence which has transformative implications and has produced a wide range of capabilities to stay ahead of threats. Unfortunately, in an open society, cybercriminals take advantage of the same technology for malicious purposes. Hence, in the new and complex security environment, these new technologies must be examined carefully, especially regarding their potential dual-use nature. Furthermore, extracting threats from the benefits of exponential technologies is a complex undertaking, and is addressed in this report to lay the groundwork with the intent to curb dual-use technology proliferation.